Bibliography for essay: What sources enable historians to evaluate what constituted a 'good death' and 'bad death' in the wake of the reformation? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What sorts of evidence most impressed judges when they considered the fate those being prosecuted for witchcraft, and why? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Estimate the ways in which ONE of the following sources tried to persuade their readers of their objective handling of evidence: a) Ludwig Lavater, Of Ghostes and Spirities Walking by Nyght; b) Reginald Scot, Discoverie of Witchcraft; c) Joseph Glanvill, Sadducismus Triumphatus; d) James VI (and I), Demonologie. Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: How reliably can one use popular pamphlets as evidence for common attitudes to ONE of the following; the devil; the natural world; supernatural forces. Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: To what extent can historians use ballads and chapbooks as reliable evidence for popular cultural attitudes to the supernatural? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Do any of the sources that we have examined in this course enable us to delineate a general picture of what constituted 'superstition' in the early-modern period? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Were the fairies of literary culture and those of folk belief the same creatures in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What can we learn from a comparison of popular pamphlets on witchcraft with stage representations of witchcraft in the Jacobean period? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: In what ways can one relate the impact of the printing press to reinforcing or changing beliefs in either witchcraft or portents of impending disaster? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Evaluate from the sources you have examined the ways in which the scientific movement changed attitudes to evidence about the natural world. Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What, on the basis of the evidence you have examined, explains the gendered nature of witchcraft belief and prosecution? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Evaluate the evidence for change and continuity of widespread beliefs about portents in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: How did the protestant notion of providence differ from the traditional concept of miracles? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Why was there such interest in 'monstrous births' in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Were 'prophets' more revered than reviled in the early modern period? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Why did angels 'survive' the protestant reformation? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: 'A constant window to unorthodox belief.' Discuss this view of angels in the early-modern period. Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: 'The Gospel hath chased away walking spirits' (Archbishop Sandys 1585). Assess the impact of the protestant reformation on ghost beliefs Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Who saw ghosts, and why, in the sixteenth and seventeenth-centuries? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: To what extent was early-modern astrology compatible with religious beliefs? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What was the nature of early-modern witches' power, and how were they thought to exercise it? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What can we learn from witchcraft cases about elite and popular conceptions of the power of the devil? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What assumptions sustained the notion of diabolic possession? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Account for the growing reluctance among the educated classes to prosecute witches in the later seventeenth century. Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What was the impact of the seventeenth-century scientific movement on the belief in the supernatural? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Assess the relationship between the supernatural and the natural in the wake of the reformation. Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Was folklore equated with superstition in the wake of the reformation? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: Why did atheism appear to be a more serious threat to ordered society than demonic power in the later seventeenth century? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.

Bibliography for essay: What arguments were used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to cast doubt upon the reality of witchcraft, and how effectively were contemporaries able to answer them? Prepared for the special subject module: Ghosts, Witches and Portents in Early Modern Europe.